Investigate the impact of three wormhole attacks on MANET

The ever-growing population of computer and network use introduces the world to many new threats to the security and safety of the data communication and increases the need for more secure and reliable networks. Furthermore, cyber-attacks are evolving rapidly and becoming more intelligent and brutal. This research studies the issues and problems wormhole attacks cause a network by simulating the three different types of wormholes on a single MANET separately. Afterward, the simulation outcomes would be compared to another simulation of the same network but attack free. However, the simulation is divided into different sections and scenarios. The chosen simulation program used is OPNET. Also, the parameters that are simulated and compared include End to End delay, number of hops, the path, packet drop, route discovery time, and Packet delivery ratio. Therefore, in this study, we intend to simulate three types of wormhole attack on an ad-hoc MANET and analyze the effects that these attacks have on the network by comparing their impacts.