Host immune response against leishmaniasis and parasite persistence strategies: A review and assessment of recent research

被引:61
作者
Elmahallawy, Ehab Kotb [1 ]
Alkhaldi, Abdulsalam A. M. [2 ]
Saleh, Amira A. [3 ]
机构
[1] Sohag Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Zoonoses, Sohag 82524, Egypt
[2] Jouf Univ, Coll Sci, Biol Dept, Sakaka 2014, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
[3] Zagazig Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med Parasitol, Zagazig, Egypt
关键词
Immune response; Immune cell; Molecule; Leishmaniasis; Parasite; Persistence; REGULATORY T-CELLS; HUMAN VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; AZAR DERMAL LEISHMANIASIS; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; DENDRITIC CELLS; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; MAJOR INFECTION; CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS; DONOVANI INFECTION;
D O I
10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111671
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Leishmaniasis, a neglected parasitic disease caused by a unicellular protozoan of the genus Leishmania, is transmitted through the bite of a female sandfly. The disease remains a major public health problem and is linked to tropical and subtropical regions, with an endemic picture in several regions, including East Africa, the Mediterranean basin and South America. The different causative species display a diversity of clinical presentations; therefore, the immunological data on leishmaniasis are both scarce and controversial for the different forms and infecting species of the parasite. The present review highlights the main immune parameters associated with leishmaniasis that might contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenicity of the parasite and the clinical outcomes of the disease. Our aim was to provide a concise overview of the immunobiology of the disease and the factors that influence it, as this knowledge may be helpful in developing novel chemotherapeutic and vaccine strategies.
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页数:15
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