Low-loss wavelength routers for WDM optical networks and high-capacity IP routers

The author proposes, for future wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) optical networks, new wavelength routers with reduced losses and improved wavelength response. This paper focuses on the most general type of wavelength router, the N x N router. This device is particularly attractive in a metropolitan network, where a star arrangement based on the N x N router allows the network configuration (the wavelength path of each signal) to be varied and managed in a simple fashion. The N x N router has been shown to be suitable for both packet and circuit switching. In particular, ultrahigh-capacity IP routers have been demonstrated by using fast tunable lasers and burst mode receivers.