Face Spoofing Detection based on 3D Lighting Environment Analysis of Image Pair

In this paper, we present a novel face spoofing detection method based on 3D lighting environment analysis of an image pair collected before and after the lighting environment change. Our idea is inspired from the unimpressive fact that the illumination distributions of the internal spoof face stays stable under the protection of the photo and screen plane, while that of a exposed genuine face changes accordingly to different lighting environment due to a natural response of 3D structure. After estimating two sets of lighting environment coefficients of client's face image pair with the hand of 3D Morphable Model (3DMM) and Sphere Harmonic Illumination Model (SHIM), robust liveness judgement is conducted by hypothesis tests. Experimental results show the effectiveness of proposed method on multiple kinds of face attacks including printed photo, screen photo, and video replay attack, and other advantages such as user cooperation free, loose using conditions, simple equipment demand, easy to camouflage and propitious to face recognition.