Anthropological Foundation of Political Activity in Gramsci

This article analyses the main lines of philosophical anthropology in the work of Antonio Gramsci, pointing out the fundamental conditionality between anthropology and politics in his reflections. Conditionality which is mediated by the concept of ideology, that Gramsci developed along the lines as Labriola thought, although Gramsci goes much beyond Labriola. For Gramsci, ideology is structural component of interpersonal relationships. At the same time ideology produces dichotomy between self-representation and material existence. This dichotomy can be overcome only through political action; which is, according to Gramsci central human activity because man is essentially apolitical being.