Effect of freeze drying, spray drying and electrospraying on the morphological, thermal, and structural properties of powders containing phage Felix O1 and activity of phage Felix O1 during storage

Effects of freeze drying, spray drying and electrospraying on morphological, thermal, and structural properties of powders containing phage Felix O1 were investigated. A mixture of whey protein isolate, inulin, gum arabic and tween 80 was used as carrier material. Phage Felix O1 powders were placed in sterile polypropylene falcon tubes and stored for 180 days at room temperature. D [4,3] values of phage Felix O1 powders produced by freeze drying, spray drying and electrospraying were 11.52, 16.65 and 6.20, respectively. The highest bulk (0.68) and tapped density (0.93) values were found in powders produced by electrospraying. Titer of phage Felix O1 powders produced by freeze drying, spray drying and electrospraying decreased 0.18, 0.49, and 0.46 log units at the end of storage, respectively. The powders produced by spray drying and electrospraying showed lower loss in activity of phage Felix O1 in simulated gastric juice than powders produced by freeze drying.(c) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.