A 2-year study on the effect of biochar on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in an intensive rice-wheat cropping system

被引:25
作者
Wang, Shuwei [1 ,2 ]
Ma, Shutan [3 ]
Shan, Jun [1 ,2 ]
Xia, Yongqiu [1 ,2 ]
Lin, Jinghui [1 ,2 ]
Yan, Xiaoyuan [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Changshu Agroecol Expt Stn, Changshu 215555, Jiangsu, Peoples R China
[3] Anhui Normal Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Wuhu 241002, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Biochar; Greenhouse gas fluxes; Rice yields; N use efficiency (NUE); GREENHOUSE-GAS INTENSITY; FIELD EXPERIMENT; SOIL; N2O; DENITRIFICATION; PRODUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; MITIGATION; AMENDMENT; STRAW;
D O I
10.1007/s42773-019-00011-8
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The impacts of biochar addition with nitrogen fertilizer (Urea-N) on greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and grain yields are not comprehensively understood. Therefore, we designed a field experiment in an intensive rice-wheat cropping system located in the Taihu Lake region of China and measured CH4 and N2O emissions for 2 consecutive years to examine the impacts of biochar combined with N-fertilizer on rice production and GHG flux. Three field experimental treatments were designed: (1) no N-fertilizer application (N0); (2) 270 kg N ha(-1) application (N270); and (3) 270 kg N-fertilizer ha(-1) plus 25 t ha(-1) biochar application (N270 + C). We found that, compared with urea application alone, biochar applied with Urea-N fertilizer increased N use efficiency (NUE) and resulted in more stable growth of rice yield. In addition, biochar addition increased CH4 emissions by 0.5-37.5% on average during the two consecutive rice-growing seasons, and decreased N2O-N loss by similar to 16.7%. During the first growing season, biochar addition did not significantly affect the global warming potential (GWPt) or the greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) of rice production (p > 0.05). By contrast, during the second rice-growing season, biochar application significantly increased GWPt and GHGI by 28.9% and 18.8%, respectively, mainly because of increased CH4 emissions. Our results suggest that biochar amendment could improve grain yields and NUE, and increased soil GWPt, resulting in a higher potential environmental cost, but that biochar additions enhance exogenous carbon sequestration by the soil, which could offset the increases in GHG emissions.
引用
收藏
页码:177 / 186
页数:10
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