Swimming exercise protective effect on waterpipe tobacco smoking-induced impairment of memory and oxidative stress

被引:18
作者
Alzoubi, Karem H. [1 ]
Halboup, Abdulsalam M. [1 ,2 ]
Alomari, Mahmoud A. [3 ,4 ]
Khabour, Omar F. [5 ]
机构
[1] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm, POB 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
[2] Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Pharm, Dept Clin Pharm & Pharm Practice, Sanaa, Yemen
[3] Qatar Univ, Dept Phys Educ, Qatar 2713, Qatar
[4] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Rehabil Sci, Div Phys Therapy, Irbid 22110, Jordan
[5] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Med Lab Sci, Irbid, Jordan
关键词
Forced swimming exercise; Waterpipe; Memory; Hippocampus; Maze; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; HIPPOCAMPAL BDNF; EXPOSURE; RATS;
D O I
10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117076
中图分类号
R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];
学科分类号
1001 ;
摘要
Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WP) is associated with a vast range of detrimental health effects, including memory impairment and anti-oxidative scavenging dysfunction. Forced swimming exercise (FSE) is known to improve cognitive function and general wellbeing. In this study, we evaluated the neuroprotective effect of FSE on memory impairment induced by exposure to WP in the rat model. Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: fresh air (control), WP exposure, FSE, and WP/FSE. Animals were exposed to WP for 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. At the same time, animals were forced to swim 1 h/day as 5 min swimming followed by 5 min rest, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Spatial learning and memory was assessed using Radial Arm Water Maze (RAWM). Additionally, hippocampal oxidative stress biomarkers including reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Catalase, and TBARS were analyzed. Key findings: this study showed that WP exposure impaired both short- and long-term memory (P < 0.05). On the other hand, FSE prevented memory impairment induced by WP exposure (P < 0.05). Moreover, WP exposure reduced activity of catalase, GPx, and GSH/GSSG ratio (P < 0.05) in the hippocampus, which were also normalized by FSE. However, no changes were detected in GSH and TBARS levels in WP exposure and/or FSE groups. In conclusion, WP exposure induced both short- and long-term memory impairments, which was prevented by FSE. This improvement in memory function might be attributed to oxidative stress biomarkers pathways.
引用
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页数:6
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