Ultrasonic-assisted biodiesel production process from palm oil using alkaline earth metal oxides as the heterogeneous catalysts

被引:234
作者
Mootabadi, Hamed [1 ]
Salamatinia, Babak [1 ]
Bhatia, Subhash [1 ]
Abdullah, Ahmad Zuhairi [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sains Malaysia, Sch Chem Engn, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
关键词
Ultrasonic-assisted transesterification; Biodiesel; Heterogeneous catalyst; Intensification; SOLID-BASE CATALYST; SOYBEAN OIL; CALCIUM-OXIDE; TRANSESTERIFICATION; ALUMINA;
D O I
10.1016/j.fuel.2009.12.023
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
The ultrasonic-assisted transesterification of palm oil in the presence of alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts (CaO, SrO and BaO) was investigated. Batch process assisted by 20 kHz ultrasonic cavitation was carried out to study the effect of reaction time (10-60 min), alcohol to palm oil molar ratio (3: 1-15 :1), catalysts loading (0.5-3%) and varying of ultrasonic amplitudes (25-100%). The activities of the catalysts were mainly related to their basic strength. The catalytic activity was in the sequence of CaO < SrO < BaO. At optimum conditions, 60 min was required to achieve 95% yield compared to 2-4 h with conventional stirring. Also, the yields achieved in 60 min increased from 5.5% to 77.3% (CaO), 48.2% to 95.2% (SrO), and 67.3% to 95.2 (BaO). Fifty percentage amplitude of ultrasonic irradiation was deemed the most suitable value and physical changes on the catalysts after the ultrasonic-assisted reaction were successfully elucidated. BaO catalyst underwent relatively more severe activity drop in the catalyst reusability test. Catalysts dissolution was found to be mainly responsible for activity drop of the reused catalysts, especially with BaO catalyst. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:1818 / 1825
页数:8
相关论文
共 22 条
[1]   Alkaline and alkaline-earth metals compounds as catalysts for the methanolysis of sunflower oil [J].
Arzamendi, G. ;
Arguinarena, E. ;
Campo, I. ;
Zabala, S. ;
Gandia, L. M. .
CATALYSIS TODAY, 2008, 133 (1-4) :305-313
[2]   Synthesis of biodiesel with heterogeneous NaOH/alumina catalysts:: Comparison with homogeneous NaOH [J].
Arzamendi, G. ;
Campo, I. ;
Arguinarena, E. ;
Sanchez, M. ;
Montes, M. ;
Gandia, L. M. .
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, 2007, 134 (1-3) :123-130
[3]   Preparation and characterization of a novel solid base catalyst hydroxyapatite loaded with strontium [J].
Chen Wei ;
Huang Zhiliang ;
Liu Yu ;
He Qianjun .
CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS, 2008, 9 (04) :516-521
[4]   Transesterification of rapeseed oil for the production of biodiesel using homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis [J].
Georgogianni, K. G. ;
Katsoulidis, A. K. ;
Pomonis, P. J. ;
Manos, G. ;
Kontominas, M. G. .
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, 2009, 90 (7-8) :1016-1022
[5]   Transesterification of soybean frying oil to biodiesel using heterogeneous catalysts [J].
Georgogianni, K. G. ;
Katsoulidis, A. P. ;
Pomonis, P. J. ;
Kontominas, M. G. .
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, 2009, 90 (05) :671-676
[6]   Biodiesel production through transesterification of triolein with various alcohols in an ultrasonic field [J].
Hanh, Hoang Duc ;
Nguyen The Dong ;
Okitsu, Kenji ;
Nishimura, Rokuro ;
Maeda, Yasuaki .
RENEWABLE ENERGY, 2009, 34 (03) :766-768
[7]   Solid base catalysts: Generation, characterization, and catalytic behavior of basic sites [J].
Hattori, H .
JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTE, 2004, 47 (02) :67-81
[8]   Acceleration of catalytic activity of calcium oxide for biodiesel production [J].
Kawashima, Ayato ;
Matsubara, Koh ;
Honda, Katsuhisa .
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, 2009, 100 (02) :696-700
[9]   Calcium oxide as a solid base catalyst for transesterification of soybean oil and its application to biodiesel production [J].
Kouzu, Masato ;
Kasuno, Takekazu ;
Tajika, Masahiko ;
Sugimoto, Yoshikazu ;
Yamanaka, Shinya ;
Hidaka, Jusuke .
FUEL, 2008, 87 (12) :2798-2806
[10]   A novel solid superbase of Eu2O3/Al2O3 and its catalytic performance for the transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel [J].
Li, Xu ;
Lu, Guanzhong ;
Guo, Yanglong ;
Guo, Yun ;
Wang, Yanqin ;
Zhang, Zhigang ;
Liu, Xiaohui ;
Wang, Yunsong .
CATALYSIS COMMUNICATIONS, 2007, 8 (12) :1969-1972