Antiproliferative and Apoptosis Inducing Effect of Delphinidin against Human Bladder Cancer Cell Line

Background: Urinary bladder cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of delphinidin on proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest in the urinary bladder cancer cell line (T24). Materials and Methods: We performed 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay to analyze the cytotoxic effect of delphinidin on T24 cell proliferation. We tested different concentrations of delphinidin. Furthermore, the effect of delphinidin on cell cycle arrest was studied using flow cytometric assays and the percentage of apoptotic cell death was estimated via annexin V/propidium iodide. Results: According to our results, delphinidin (10-60 mu g/mL) demonstrated a significant cytotoxic effect against T24 cells. Morphological analysis and analysis of the oxidative stress revealed a significant number of dead cells in comparison to the control group. The results of flow cytometry revealed that delphinidin caused dose-dependent apoptosis of T24 cells. Conclusion: In summary, delphinidin can be a promising option for the treatment of urinary bladder cancer in the future.