Catalytic Nucleic Acids: Biochemistry, Chemical Biology, Biosensors, and Nanotechnology

被引:127
作者
Ma, Lingzi [1 ]
Liu, Juewen [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Inst Nanotechnol, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
IN-VITRO SELECTION; LANTHANIDE-DEPENDENT DNAZYME; CLEAVING DNA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; AMINO-ACID; METAL-IONS; RNA; RIBOZYME; SEQUENCE;
D O I
10.1016/j.isci.2019.100815
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Since the initial discovery of ribozymes in the early 1980s, catalytic nucleic acids have been used in different areas. Compared with protein enzymes, catalytic nucleic acids are programmable in structure, easy to modify, and more stable especially for DNA. We take a historic view to summarize a few main interdisciplinary areas of research on nucleic acid enzymes that may have broader impacts. Early efforts on ribozymes in the 1980s have broken the notion that all enzymes are proteins, supplying new evidence for the RNA world hypothesis. In 1994, the first catalytic DNA (DNAzyme) was reported. Since 2000, the biosensor applications of DNAzymes have emerged and DNAzymes are particularly useful for detecting metal ions, a challenging task for enzymes and antibodies. Combined with nanotechnology, DNAzymes are key building elements for switches allowing dynamic control of materials assembly. The search for new DNAzymes and ribozymes is facilitated by developments in DNA sequencing and computational algorithms, further broadening our fundamental understanding of their biochemistry.
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页数:17
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