MicroRNAs as Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis and Theranostics in Prostate Cancer

被引:117
作者
Bertoli, Gloria [1 ]
Cava, Claudia [1 ]
Castiglioni, Isabella [1 ]
机构
[1] Natl Res Council IBFM CNR, Inst Mol Bioimaging & Physiol, I-20090 Segrate, Segrate Mi, Italy
关键词
biomarkers; diagnosis; prognosis; microRNAs; theranostics; therapy; prostate cancer; INHIBITS TUMOR-GROWTH; CIRCULATING MICRORNAS; EXPRESSION PROFILE; CELL CARCINOMA; METASTASIS; SIGNATURE; MIR-375; MIRNAS; PROGRESSION; IDENTIFICATION;
D O I
10.3390/ijms17030421
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Prostate cancer (PC) includes several phenotypes, from indolent to highly aggressive cancer. Actual diagnostic and prognostic tools have several limitations, and there is a need for new biomarkers to stratify patients and assign them optimal therapies by taking into account potential genetic and epigenetic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small sequences of non-coding RNA regulating specific genes involved in the onset and development of PC. Stable miRNAs have been found in biofluids, such as serum and plasma; thus, the measurement of PC-associated miRNAs is emerging as a non-invasive tool for PC detection and monitoring. In this study, we conduct an in-depth literature review focusing on miRNAs that may contribute to the diagnosis and prognosis of PC. The role of miRNAs as a potential theranostic tool in PC is discussed. Using a meta-analysis approach, we found a group of 29 miRNAs with diagnostic properties and a group of seven miRNAs with prognostic properties, which were found already expressed in both biofluids and PC tissues. We tested the two miRNA groups on The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset of PC tissue samples with a machine-learning approach. Our results suggest that these 29 miRNAs should be considered as potential panel of biomarkers for the diagnosis of PC, both as in vivo non-invasive test and ex vivo confirmation test.
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页数:21
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