Lipid-rich carcinoma in the mammary gland of a Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus)

A lipid-rich carcinoma of the mammary gland was diagnosed in a female Djungarian hamster (Phodopus sungorus), which was kept as an indoor pet. The animal underwent surgery for a primary tumor arising in the mammary gland at the age of 16 months, and also for a recurrent tumor 6 months later. Histologically, the primary neoplasm was composed of 2 different cell populations: nonvacuolated glandular neoplastic cells with moderate atypia, and vacuolated neoplastic cells with marked atypia. Transition from the nonvacuolated glandular cells to the vacuolated cells was frequently seen. The recurrent neoplasm was composed predominantly of vacuolated neoplastic cells that often invaded the surrounding soft tissue. The cytoplasmic vacuoles contained neutral lipids, as confirmed by oil red O and Nile blue staining. The vacuolated neoplastic cells were immunopositive for cytokeratin and negative for vimentin, a-smooth muscle actin, p63, estrogen receptor alpha, and androgen receptor. Presumably, this high-grade, lipid-rich mammary carcinoma had developed from a low-grade mammary adenocarcinoma.