Factors behind development of innovations in European forest-based bioeconomy

Organizational-level innovations are one of the key pathways for reaching the Knowledge-Based Bio-Economy; and analysis of factors behind their development is missing within forest-based bioeconomy. In this study we develop an analytical definition of forest-based bioeconomy, grounded on input from European forestry and bioeconomy capacity mapping exercises from five projects and with participation of five experts from different backgrounds. Variables related to innovation development are based on open innovation concept and literature review of studies focused on bioeconomy context. Data is gathered on innovations developed by private companies within forest-based bioeconomy projects of Seventh Framework Programme, EU Research and Innovation Programme Horizon 2020 and projects funded through the Network co-fund of the European Research Area. Most frequent types of innovations are within the development of production methods, followed by innovations in goods and services. There are few innovation cases in later stages of development, and more disruptive and complex innovations are usually more successful ones. Successful innovations also depend on support from organizational leadership and on external financial support. Project-based funding in innovation development is offset by the revenue generated from these innovations. Vast majority of companies considers the EU framework projects as a useful tool for supporting the development of innovations.