Noble metal-based high-entropy alloys as advanced electrocatalysts for energy conversion

Noble metal-based high-entropy alloy nanoparticles (NM-HEA NPs) have exhibited brilliant catalytic performance toward electrocatalytic energy conversion and attracted increasing attention. The near-equimolar mixed elements of NM-HEA NPs may result in the unique properties including cocktail effect, high entropy effect and lattice distortion effect, which are beneficial for improving the catalytic performance and reducing the amount of noble metal. Herein, several advanced NM-HEA NPs as electrocatalysts for energy conversion are systematically summarized. The preparation methods of NM-HEA NPs are evaluated as well as the catalytic properties and mechanism are discussed classified by electrocatalytic reactions. Finally, the challenges and prospects in this field are carefully discussed. This review provides an overview on recent advances of NM-HEA electrocatalysts for energy conversion and draws more attention in this infant research field. Graphic abstract