Characterization of the Polymer Energy Landscape in Polymer:Fullerene Bulk Heterojunctions with Pure and Mixed Phases

被引：200

作者：

Sweetnam, Sean ^{[1
]}

Graham, Kenneth R. ^{[1
,2
]}

Ndjawa, Guy O. Ngongang ^{[2
]}

Heumueller, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Bartelt, Jonathan A. ^{[1
]}

Burke, Timothy M. ^{[1
]}

Li, Wentao ^{[3
]}

You, Wei ^{[3
]}

Amassian, Aram ^{[2
]}

McGehee, Michael D. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Stanford Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[2] KAUST, Phys Sci & Engn Div, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Thuwal 239556900, Saudi Arabia

[3] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY | 2014年 / 136卷 / 40期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

INTERFACIAL ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ORGANIC PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICES; CHARGE-CARRIER MOBILITY; SOLAR-CELLS; LEVEL ALIGNMENT; SEMICONDUCTING POLYMERS; MOLECULAR PACKING; CRYSTALLIZATION; MORPHOLOGY; SEPARATION;

D O I：

10.1021/ja505463r

中图分类号：

O6 [化学];

学科分类号：

0703 ;

摘要：

Theoretical and experimental studies suggest that energetic offsets between the charge transport energy levels in different morphological phases of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunctions may improve charge separation and reduce recombination in polymer solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we use cyclic voltammetry, UVvis absorption, and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize hole energy levels in the polymer phases of polymer:fullerene bulk heterojunctions. We observe an energetic offset of up to 150 meV between amorphous and crystalline polymer due to bandgap widening associated primarily with changes in polymer conjugation length. We also observe an energetic offset of up to 350 meV associated with polymer:fullerene intermolecular interactions. The first effect has been widely observed, but the second effect is not always considered despite being larger in magnitude for some systems. These energy level shifts may play a major role in PSC performance and must be thoroughly characterized for a complete understanding of PSC function.

引用

页码：14078 / 14088

页数：11

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