Orihara-Ishibashi continuous model of antiferroelectric liquid crystals

Soon after the discovery of antiferroelectric liquid crystals, Orihara and Ishibashi proposed a theoretical model for these systems. The model allows for three simply modulated structures: the ferroelectric, the antiferroelectric and the structure with ferri-electric properties. In the region where neither of simply modulated phases is stable, the incommensurate phase exists, formed by domains of a simply modulated structure separated by domain walls, where order parameters change rapidly. Although experimental observations ruled out the simply modulated ferrielectric structure as well as the incommensurate structure, the analysis of the model can still be important for similar systems.