Effects of obesity on retrobulbar flow hemodynamics: color Doppler ultrasound evaluation

Purpose: To evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) and extraocular orbital vessels with color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) and investigate the effects of obesity on retrobulbar blood flow. Methods: Fifty-nine patients were included in this prospective study. Patients were divided into two groups according to body mass index: Group 1 (31 obese patients) and Group 2 (28 non-obese patients). IOP was measured with a Goldmann applanation tonometer, and CDU was used to evaluate the retrobulbar vessels. Results: The mean IOP was 18 +/- 6.68 mmHg in the obese group and 13.71 +/- 1.60 mmHg in the control group (p < 0.001). When the CDU values for the central retinal artery were compared between the groups, the pulsatility index was found to be significantly lower in the obese group than in the control group (p < 0.001). When the CDU values for the ophthalmic artery (OA) were compared between the groups, the peak systolic velocity (p < 0.001) and end-diastolic velocity (p = 0.002) values were found to be significantly lower in the obese group than in the control group. Conclusions: Obese patients have a higher mean IOP and lower flow velocity than non-obese patients. Increased IOP together with decreased retrobulbar blood flow, particularly in obese individuals, may increase the risk of glaucoma development.