Risk factors and survival outcomes of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients with lung metastasis: A population-based study

Objective: It remains elusive which factors may influence the morbidity and mortality of lung metastasis (LM) in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors influencing LM and the survival outcomes of LSCC patients with LM. Methods: We identified 10,935 patients with LSCC from 2010 to 2014 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with the presence of LM. Multivariate cox regression analysis was used to identify covariates associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients with LM. Results: Among 10,935 patients with LSCC, 232 (2.12%) patients had LM. The median survival time of patients with LM was 8 months, and 8.37% of patients survived after 3 years. Patients with age >= 60 years old, unmarried status, supraglottis, overlapping lesion of larynx, subglottis, pathological grade III, T4 stage, N1 stage, N2 stage, N3 stage and bone, brain or liver metastases were more likely to have LM. Survival analysis showed that chemotherapy and radiotherapy suggested better survival of LSCC patients with LM while pathological grade IV was associated with an increased all-cause mortality. Conclusion: The incidence of LSCC patients with LM varied by age, married status, and tumor subtypes. LSCC patients with LM had poor survival, and only 8.37% of patients survived after 3 years. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were found as independent favorable prognostic factors for survival. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Society of Japan Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.