Adaptive Beamsteering Cognitive Radar With Integrated Search-and-Track of Swarm Targets

Adaptive beamsteering cognitive radar (AB-CRr) systems seek to improve detection and tracking performance by formulating a beam placement strategy adapted to their environment. AB-CRr builds a probabilistic model of the target environment that enables it to more efficiently employ its limited resources to locate and track targets. In this work, we investigate methods for adapting the AB-CRr framework to detect and track large target swarms. This is achieved by integrating the properties of correlated-motion swarms into both the radar tracking model and AB-CRr's underlying dynamic probability model. As a result, a list of newly CRr-integrated contributions are enumerated: a) improved uncertainty function design, b) incorporates Mahalanobis nearest neighbors multi-target association methodology into AB-CRr, c) introduces a novel Kalman-based consolidated swarm tracking methodology with a common velocity state vector that frames targets as a correlated collection of swarm members, d) introduces an improved uncertainty growth model for updating environment probability map, e) introduces a method for incorporating estimated swarm structure and behavior into the uncertainty update model referred to as "track hinting", and f) introduces new metrics for swarm search/detection and tracking called swarm centroid track error and swarm tracking dwell ratio. The results demonstrate that AB-CRr is capable of adapting its beamsteering strategy to efficiently perform resource balancing between target search and swarm tracking applications, while taking advantage of group structure and intra-swarm target correlation to resist large swarms overloading available resources.