Volcanic lightning and plume behavior reveal evolving hazards during the April 2015 eruption of Calbuco volcano, Chile

被引：112

作者：

Van Eaton, Alexa R. ^{[1
]}

Amigo, Alvaro ^{[2
,3
]}

Bertin, Daniel ^{[2
]}

Mastin, Larry G. ^{[1
]}

Giacosa, Raul E. ^{[4
]}

Gonzalez, Jeronimo ^{[4
]}

Valderrama, Oscar ^{[2
]}

Fontijn, Karen ^{[5
]}

Behnke, Sonja A. ^{[6
]}

机构：

[1] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA

[2] Serv Nacl Geol & Mineria, Observ Volcanol Los Andes Sur, Temuco, Chile

[3] Univ Chile, Ctr Excelencia Geotermia Los Andes, Santiago, Chile

[4] Serv Geol Minero Argentino, Delegac Reg Comahue, Gen Roca, Rio Negro, Argentina

[5] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3PR, England

[6] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

来源：

GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS | 2016年 / 43卷 / 07期

关键词：

SOURCE PARAMETERS; DYNAMICS; AGGREGATION; COLUMNS; CLOUD; MAGMA; WATER;

D O I：

10.1002/2016GL068076

中图分类号：

P [天文学、地球科学];

学科分类号：

07 ;

摘要：

Soon after the onset of an eruption, model forecasts of ash dispersal are used to mitigate the hazards to aircraft, infrastructure, and communities downwind. However, it is a significant challenge to constrain the model inputs during an evolving eruption. Here we demonstrate that volcanic lightning may be used in tandem with satellite detection to recognize and quantify changes in eruption style and intensity. Using the eruption of Calbuco volcano in southern Chile on 22 and 23 April 2015, we investigate rates of umbrella cloud expansion from satellite observations, occurrence of lightning, and mapped characteristics of the fall deposits. Our remote sensing analysis gives a total erupted volume that is within uncertainty of the mapped volume (0.56 +/- 0.28 km(3) bulk). Observations and volcanic plume modeling further suggest that electrical activity was enhanced both by ice formation in the ash clouds >10 km above sea level and development of a low-level charge layer from ground-hugging currents.

引用

页码：3563 / 3571

页数：9

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