Concurrent Validation of 3D Joint Angles during Gymnastics Techniques Using Inertial Measurement Units

There are advantages in using inertial measurement unit systems (IMUS) for biomechanical analysis when compared to 2D/3D video-based analysis. The main advantage is the ability to analyze movement in the natural performance environment, preserving the ecological validity of the task. Coaches can access accurate and detailed data in real time and use it to optimize feedback and performance. Efforts are needed to validate the accuracy of IMUS. We assess the accuracy of the IMUS Xsens MVN Link system using an optoelectronic system (OS) as a reference when measuring 3D joint angles during the gymnastics round-off back handspring technique. We collected movement kinematics from 10 participants. The coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) results showed very good and excellent values for the majority of the joint angles, except for neck flexion/extension (F/E). Root mean square errors (RMSE) were below/near 10 degrees, with slightly higher values for shoulder (12.571 degrees), ankle (11.068 degrees), thorax-thigh F/E (21.416 degrees), and thorax-thigh internal/external rotation (I/E) (16.312 degrees). Significant SPM-1D {t} differences for thorax-thigh abduction/adduction (A/A), neck, thorax-thigh, knee, shoulder and ankle F/E were demonstrated during small temporal periods. Our findings suggest that the Xsens MVN Link system provides valid data that can be used to provide feedback in training.