Treatment technologies for PAH-contaminated sites: a critical review

被引:60
作者
Gitipour, Saeid [1 ]
Sorial, George A. [2 ]
Ghasemi, Soroush [1 ]
Bazyari, Mahdieh [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Tehran, Fac Environm, Dept Environm Engn, 25 Ghods St,Enghelab Ave,POB 81948-43995, Tehran, Iran
[2] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA
[3] Univ Tehran, Grad Fac Environm, HSE Grp, Tehran, Iran
关键词
Contaminated soil; Decontamination technique; Electrokinetic treatment; Phytoremediation; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ELECTROKINETIC REMEDIATION; SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; FENTONS REAGENT; SOIL; PHYTOREMEDIATION; OXIDATION; SEDIMENTS; REMOVAL; PHENANTHRENE;
D O I
10.1007/s10661-018-6936-4
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
To reduce environmental and human health risks of contaminated sites, having a comprehensive knowledge about the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) removal processes is crucial. PAHs are contaminants which are highly recognized to pose threats to humans, animals, and plants. PAHs are hydrophobic and own two or more benzene rings, and hence are resistant to structural degradation. There are various techniques which have been developed to treat PAH-contaminated soil. Four distinct processes to remove PAHs in the contaminated soil, thought to be more effective techniques, are presented in this review: soil washing, chemical oxidation, electrokinetic, phytoremediation. In a surfactant-aided washing process, a removal rate of 90% was reported. Compost-amended phytoremediation treatment presented 58-99% removal of pyrene from the soil in 90 days. Chemical oxidation method was able to reach complete conversion for some PAHs. In electrokinetic treatment, researchers have achieved reliable results in removal of some specific PAHs. Researchers' innovations in novel studies and advantages/disadvantages of the techniques are also investigated throughout the paper. Finally, it should be noted that an exclusive method or a combination of methods by themselves are not the key to be employed for remediation of every contaminated site but the field characteristics are also essential in selection of the most appropriate decontamination technique(s). The remedy for selection criteria is based on PAH concentrations, site characteristics, costs, shortcomings, and advantages.
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页数:17
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