Clinical evaluation of the athlete's shoulder

Objective: To describe the history and physical examination of the athlete's shoulder. Background: The complex, highly mobile shoulder joint is very susceptible to athletic injury. A comprehensive history and physical examination lay the groundwork for accurate decision making about the nature of the injury and the appropriate treatment plan. Description: In taking the history, inquire about the patient's lifestyle (dominant hand, occupation, sports, activity level) and then focus on the specific complaint. Ask about the location, quality, and nature of the pain and activities that provoke the pain. If stiffness is a factor, a review of systems and the patient's past medical history are important. Discuss any previously undertaken interventions and their effects. The physical examination consists of inspection, range of motion, palpation, manual muscle testing, and provocative tests. Clinical Advantages: Once the clinical evaluation has been completed, the nature of the injury will, in most cases, be apparent. If necessary, appropriate diagnostic tests are ordered, and then a treatment plan tailored to the athlete and the injury is instituted.