Laparoscopic Cardiomyotomy for Achalasia: Clinical Outcomes Beyond 5 Years

Background Laparoscopic cardiomyotomy is the most common surgical procedure for the treatment of achalasia, although few reports describe long-term surgical outcomes. Methods The outcomes for 155 patients who underwent a laparoscopic cardiomyotomy with anterior partial fundoplication more than 5 years ago (July 1992 to May 2004) were determined. Patients were followed prospectively at yearly time points using a structured questionnaire which evaluated symptoms of dysphagia, reflux, side-effects, and overall satisfaction with the clinical outcome. Results Clinical data were available for 125 patients. Thirteen patients died within 5 years of surgery, four were unable to complete the questionnaire, and one developed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Nine patients were lost to follow-up, and three would not answer the questionnaire (92.2% late follow-up). Postoperative dysphagia, odynophagia, chest pain, and heartburn was significantly improved at 1 year, 5 years, and late (5+years) follow-up, with outcomes stable beyond 12 months. Seventy-seven percent of patients reported a good or excellent result (minimal or no symptoms) at 5 years and 73% at late follow-up. At late follow-up, 90% considered they had made the correct decision to undergo surgery. Conclusions At minimum 5 years follow-up, laparoscopic cardiomyotomy for achalasia achieves effective and durable relief of symptoms, and most patients are satisfied with the outcome.