Engineering Control of Eutrophication: Potential Impact Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Plants Around Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria in Kenya

Municipal wastewater treatment is one of the engineering solutions to the reduction of nutrients deposit into the lakes without an appreciation of the ultimate catchment-wide impact of engineering solutions in reducing nutrient loads input to the Gulf. Applying LOADEST and LAKE2K to evaluate the potential impact of municipal wastewater treatment measures adopted for the reduction of nutrient into the Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria, Kenya. About 10% to 31% of Total Phosphorus removal was achieved while Total Nitrogen increased in the wastewater treatment process. The combined potential impacts of the existing three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) were less than about 2%. Rigorous analysis of the scale and dynamic of catchment nutrient budget is essential to the design of engineering solutions for effective eutrophication control.