A firefly algorithm for optimum design of new-generation beams

This research addresses the minimum weight design of new-generation steel beams with sinusoidal openings using a metaheuristic search technique, namely the firefly method. The proposed algorithm is also used to compare the optimum design results of sinusoidal web-expanded beams with steel castellated and cellular beams. Optimum design problems of all beams are formulated according to the design limitations stipulated by the Steel Construction Institute. The design methods adopted in these publications are consistent with BS5950 specifications. The formulation of the design problem considering the above-mentioned limitations turns out to be a discrete programming problem. The design algorithms based on the technique select the optimum universal beam sections, dimensional properties of sinusoidal, hexagonal and circular holes, and the total number of openings along the beam as design variables. Furthermore, this selection is also carried out such that the behavioural limitations are satisfied. Numerical examples are presented, where the suggested algorithm is implemented to achieve the minimum weight design of these beams subjected to loading combinations.