3-D MHD calculation in consideration of free surface, heat transfer and solidification

3-D magnetohydrodynamic calculation model taking into consideration of heat transfer and solidification as well as free surface is developed in order to evaluate the characteristics of molten metal using electromagnetic stirring (EMS). A shadow method that calculates electromagnetic force in consideration of free surface transition is proposed to reduce computing time and keep sufficient accuracy. A calculated free surface of Mercury under 200 Hz magnetic field shows an adequate agreement with experimental one. Calculation results applied to continuous casting process taking into consideration of heat transfer and solidification are in good agreement with operation data. This model introduces that EMS makes the solidified shell uniform and dynamic deviation of temperature stable.