Mechanisms of Habitual Approach: Failure to Suppress Irrelevant Responses Evoked by Previously Reward-Associated Stimuli

被引:38
作者
Anderson, Brian A. [1 ]
Folk, Charles L. [2 ]
Garrison, Rebecca [2 ]
Rogers, Leeland [2 ]
机构
[1] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA
[2] Villanova Univ, Dept Psychol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
addiction; habit learning; inhibition; reward learning; selective attention; ATTENTIONAL BIAS; NEURAL MECHANISMS; ALCOHOL CUES; INHIBITION; CONTINGENT; SALIENCE; CAPTURE; SUBSTANCE; SELECTION; CONFLICT;
D O I
10.1037/xge0000169
中图分类号
B84 [心理学];
学科分类号
04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Reward learning has a powerful influence on the attention system, causing previously reward-associated stimuli to automatically capture attention. Difficulty ignoring stimuli associated with drug reward has been linked to addiction relapse, and the attention system of drug-dependent patients seems especially influenced by reward history. This and other evidence suggests that value-driven attention has consequences for behavior and decision-making, facilitating a bias to approach and consume the previously reward-associated stimulus even when doing so runs counter to current goals and priorities. Yet, a mechanism linking value-driven attention to behavioral responding and a general approach bias is lacking. Here we show that previously reward-associated stimuli escape inhibitory processing in a go/no-go task. Control experiments confirmed that this value-dependent failure of goal-directed inhibition could not be explained by search history or residual motivation, but depended specifically on the learned association between particular stimuli and reward outcome. When a previously high-value stimulus is encountered, the response codes generated by that stimulus are automatically afforded high priority, bypassing goal-directed cognitive processes involved in suppressing task-irrelevant behavior.
引用
收藏
页码:796 / 805
页数:10
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