The identity and function of microglia in neurodegeneration

被引：242

作者：

Song, Wilbur M. ^{[1
]}

Colonna, Marco ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA

来源：

NATURE IMMUNOLOGY | 2018年 / 19卷 / 10期

关键词：

AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; AMYLOID-BETA DEPOSITION; INNATE IMMUNE RECEPTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MOUSE MODEL; MYELOID CELLS; TRANSGENIC MICE; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE;

D O I：

10.1038/s41590-018-0212-1

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

The predominant type of immune cell in the brain is the microglia, a type of tissue-resident macrophage. In a variety of neurodegenerative settings, microglia alter their transcriptional profile, morphology and function in similar ways; thus, these activated cells have been called 'degeneration-or disease-associated microglia' (DAM). These activated microglia can perform different functions and exert both positive effects and negative effects in different mouse disease models. In humans, mutations in genes expressed in microglia are linked to various neurodegenerative diseases. Here we provide an overview of the common microglial response to neurodegeneration and key contributing pathways; delineate the multifaceted functions of activated microglia spanning various diseases; and discuss insights from the study of human disease-associated genes. We argue that strong evidence from both mouse models and human genetics causally links the function of activated microglia to neurodegeneration.

引用

页码：1048 / 1058

页数：11

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