Predictors of illness acceptance in women with endometriosis

BACKGROUND The study aimed to identify significant predictors of illness acceptance in women with endometriosis. As potential predictive factors, variables related to the disease (pain frequency, co-morbid infertility, diagnostic delay, years of living with the diagnosis), demographic variables (age, place of residence, education, income, the fact of having children) and psychological variables (pain coping strategies) were taken into account. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE The study participants - 247 women with endometriosis - were recruited in Poland in medical facilities from 6 large voivodship cities and through a patients' association. The participants filled in the following questionnaires: the Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), Endometriosis Health Profile-30 ( EHP-30), and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). The data were analysed with the method of stepwise hierarchical regression. RESULTS The final significant model explained 24% of the variance of the AIS score. The model consisted of the following vari- ables: pain frequency, reinterpreting pain sensations, pain catastrophizing and praying/hoping. Only two variables were significant predictors in this model: pain frequency and pain catastrophizing. Years with diagnosis, age, diagnostic delay, place of residence, education, income, and the fact of having children were not significant. CONCLUSIONS The interventions addressed to patients should support their acceptance of chronic pain and help them to develop adaptive pain coping strategies. Due to the co-morbidity of endometriosis-related pain and depression the inclusion of antidepressant pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy based on cognitive techniques is recommended.