No issue has been more controversial in the discussion of police union responses to allegations of excessive force than statutory and contractual protections for officers accused of misconduct, as critics assail such protections and police unions defend them. For all the public controversy over police unions, there is relatively little legal scholarship on them. Neither the legal nor the social science literature on policing and police reform has explored the opportunities and constraints that labor law offers in thinking about organizational change. The scholarly deficit has substantial public policy consequences, as groups ranging from Black Lives Matter to the U.S. Department of Justice are proposing legal changes that will require the cooperation of police labor organizations to implement. This Article fills that gap. Part I explores the structure and functioning of police departments and the evolution of police unions as a response to a hierarchical and autocratic command structure. Part II examines how and why police unions have been obstacles to reform, focusing particularly on union defense of protections for officers accused of misconduct. Part III describes and analyzes instances in which cities have implemented reforms to reduce police violence and improve police-community relations over fifty years. All of them involved the cooperation of the rank-and-file, and many involved active cooperation with the union. Part IV proposes mild changes in the law governing police labor relations to facilitate rank-and-file support of the kinds of transparency, accountability, and constitutional policing practices that police reformers have been advocating for at least a generation. We propose a limited form of minority union bargaining a reform that has been advocated in other contexts by both the political left and the political right at various points in recent history to create an institutional structure enabling diverse representatives of police rank and-file to meet and confer with police management over policing practices.
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Weber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Lee, Heeuk D.
Cao, Liqun
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Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Social Sci & Humanities, Bordessa Hall Downtown Oshawa 55 Bond St, East Oshawa, ON, CanadaWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Cao, Liqun
Kim, David
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Indiana Univ East, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Springwood Hall 216, Richmond, IN 47374 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Kim, David
Woo, Youngki
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Washington State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice & Criminol, Johnson Tower 701, Pullman, WA 99164 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
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Southwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R ChinaSouthwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R China
Xu, Haoran
Hou, Yanchang
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Criminal Invest Police Univ China, Police Skills & Tact Training Dept, 83 Tawan St, Shenyang 110854, Liaoning, Peoples R ChinaSouthwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R China
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Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Hill, Shawn L.
Brimbal, Laure
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Texas State Univ, Sch Criminal Justice & Criminol, San Marcos, TX USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Brimbal, Laure
Maguire, Edward R.
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Arizona State Univ, Sch Criminol & Criminal Justice, Phoenix, AZ USA
Univ South Wales, Pontypridd, WalesUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Maguire, Edward R.
Stephens, Eve
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Univ Texas Austin, Austin Police Dept, Austin, TX USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
机构:
Weber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Lee, Heeuk D.
Cao, Liqun
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Ontario Inst Technol, Social Sci & Humanities, Bordessa Hall Downtown Oshawa 55 Bond St, East Oshawa, ON, CanadaWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Cao, Liqun
Kim, David
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Indiana Univ East, Sch Humanities & Social Sci, Springwood Hall 216, Richmond, IN 47374 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
Kim, David
Woo, Youngki
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Washington State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice & Criminol, Johnson Tower 701, Pullman, WA 99164 USAWeber State Univ, Dept Criminal Justice, 1299 Edvalson St 1206, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
机构:
Southwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R ChinaSouthwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R China
Xu, Haoran
Hou, Yanchang
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Criminal Invest Police Univ China, Police Skills & Tact Training Dept, 83 Tawan St, Shenyang 110854, Liaoning, Peoples R ChinaSouthwest Univ Polit Sci & Law, Natl Res Ctr Drug Issues Governance, Law Sch, Chongqing, Peoples R China
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Hill, Shawn L.
Brimbal, Laure
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Texas State Univ, Sch Criminal Justice & Criminol, San Marcos, TX USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Brimbal, Laure
Maguire, Edward R.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Arizona State Univ, Sch Criminol & Criminal Justice, Phoenix, AZ USA
Univ South Wales, Pontypridd, WalesUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
Maguire, Edward R.
Stephens, Eve
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Texas Austin, Austin Police Dept, Austin, TX USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Commun, 4005 Social Sci & Media Studies UC St Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA