Healthcare costs of patients on different renal replacement modalities - Analysis of Dutch health insurance claims data

Background The aim of this study is to present average annual healthcare costs for Dutch renal replacement therapy (RRT) patients for 7 treatment modalities. Methods Health insurance claims data from 2012-2014 were used. All patients with a 2014 claim for dialysis or kidney transplantation were selected. The RRT related and RRT unrelated average annual healthcare costs were analysed for 5 dialysis modalities (in-centre haemodialysis (CHD), home haemodialysis (HHD), continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) and multiple dialysis modalities in a year (Mix group)) and 2 transplant modalities (kidney from living and deceased donor, respectively). Results The total average annual healthcare costs in 2014 ranged from (sic)77,566 (SD = (sic)27,237) for CAPD patients to (sic)105,833 (SD = (sic)30,239) for patients in the Mix group. For all dialysis modalities, the vast majority (72-84%) of costs was RRT related. Patients on haemodialysis >= 4x/week had significantly higher average annual costs compared to those dialyzing 3x/week (Delta(sic)19,122). Costs for kidney transplant recipients were (sic)85,127 (SD = (sic)39,679) in the year of transplantation and rapidly declined in the first and second year after successful transplantation (resp. (sic)29,612 (SD = (sic)34,099) and (sic)15,018 (SD = (sic)16,186)). Transplantation with a deceased donor kidney resulted in higher costs ((sic)99,450, SD = (sic)36,036)) in the year of transplantation compared to a living donor kidney transplantation ((sic)73,376, SD = (sic)38,666). Conclusions CAPD patients have the lowest costs compared to other dialysis modalities. Costs in the year of transplantation are 25% lower for patients with kidneys from living vs. deceased donor. After successful transplantation, annual costs decline substantially to a level that is approximately 14-19% of annual dialysis costs.