Genetics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: an update

被引:60
作者
Akutagava-Martins, Glaucia Chiyoko [1 ]
Rohde, Luis Augusto [2 ,3 ]
Hutz, Mara Helena [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Genet, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
[2] Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Div, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
[3] Inst Dev Psychiat Children & Adolescents INCT CNP, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
关键词
susceptibility; CNVs; ADHD; genetics; pathway analysis; polygenic risk score analysis; GWAS; DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; GENOME-WIDE-ASSOCIATION; COPY NUMBER VARIANTS; RARE VARIANTS; DE-NOVO; HYPERACTIVE/IMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; GENERAL-POPULATION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; POLYGENIC RISK;
D O I
10.1586/14737175.2016.1130626
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder affecting children, adolescents, and adults. The prevalence is estimated at 5 to 7% of school-aged children and 2.5 to 5% of adults. The phenotype is complex and heterogeneous, presenting variable clinical features, developmental course, and outcome. The genetic susceptibility to ADHD is attributed to both common and rare variants from a broad range of genes related mainly to neurotransmission and neurodevelopment pathways. However, it has been difficult to identify the genetic risk variants that account for the high heritability of this disorder. In this paper, we present recent findings from molecular genetics studies on both child and adult ADHD. Challenges and future directions for ADHD genetic studies are reviewed and discussed.
引用
收藏
页码:145 / 156
页数:12
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