Arsenic Induced Overexpression of Inflammatory Cytokines Based on the Human Urothelial Cell Model in Vitro and Urinary Secretion of Individuals Chronically Exposed to Arsenic

Chronic persistent inflammation could play an. inflammation is a critical factor for bladder cancer important role in the pathogenesis of some malignancies, and development. In this study, we measured urine levels of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and IL-8 in arsenic exposure workers and expressions o 'inflammatory cytoldnes in human urothelial cells in vivo and in vitro': We found the concentrations of IL-8, and ThGFha the presented in urine were significantly elevated in e.g urinary arsenic workers compared with the low urinary arsenic workers. Multiple;egression analysis showed that the urinary IL-8,TNF-alpha,TGF-o """,. IL-8 level was significantly positively associated with ker iAs concentration after adjusting for the confounding effects of age employed years; body maskixidex (BMI), smoking, alcohol, and seafood consumption in recent 3 days. Urin, TGF-alpha levels were also significantly positively associated with urinary iAs concentration, and SMI. TGF-a level was negatively associated With age after adjusting for the confounding effects. Consistent with the results in vivo, mRNA.expressions of TNF-a, TGF-alpha; ancrIL-8 and protein expressions of TGF-a, TGF-beta l, and IL-8 were significantly elevated in SV-HUC=1,cellS after exposure to lower concentrations of arsenite for 24h as compared to the control group. These data indicateac that arsenic increased the secretion of inflammatory factors and IL-8, TNF-alpha, and TGF-a expression may be a useful biomarker of the effect of arsenic exposure.