The Conversion of Social Capital into Community Development: an Intervention in Australia's Outback

被引:50
作者
Onyx, Jenny [1 ]
Leonard, Rosemary [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Management, Sydney, NSW 2001, Australia
[2] Univ Western, Social Justice & Social Change Res Ctr, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia
关键词
social capital; community development; rural towns; Australia; ENTREPRENEURSHIP;
D O I
10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00897.x
中图分类号
P9 [自然地理学]; K9 [地理];
学科分类号
0705 ; 070501 ;
摘要
The research presented in this article employed a deliberate intervention to mobilize social capital and then studied the dynamics of the way in which it influenced community development. Whether or not social capital is able to facilitate development depends on the specific context in which it occurs. Although the general context of this study was that of small rural towns in Australia's outback that are experiencing decline, each of the four towns studied had unique features which could influence the mobilization of social capital. Rural communities have the willingness and capacity to mobilize but whether this capacity is actualized may well depend on the presence of other mobilizing factors. Specifically the intervention study found that a structure needs to be in place which can take the initiative and work across the community - engaging a range of organizations. Second, the structure needs to be supported, but not controlled, by local government. Third, it needs the kind of social entrepreneurship that can sustain a community-wide vision and bring together the diverse groups within the community. Resume Les recherches presentees s'appuient sur une operation destinee a mobiliser le capital social, afin d'etudier les dynamiques selon lesquelles il a influe sur le developpement communautaire. L'aptitude du capital social a faciliter le developpement depend du contexte dans lequel celui-ci se produit. Bien que cette etude se place dans de petites villes de campagnes reculees d'Australie confrontees a un declin, chacune des quatre villes concernees presentaient des specificites propres susceptibles d'influencer la mobilisation du capital social. Les communautes rurales ont la volonte et la capacite de se mobiliser, mais la concretisation de cette capacite peut dependre largement de la presence d'autres facteurs mobilisateurs. En particulier, l'analyse de l'operation montre qu'il doit exister une structure capable de prendre l'initiative et de travailler avec toute la communaute en impliquant tout un eventail d'organismes. Ensuite, il faut que la structure soit epaulee, et non controlee, par le gouvernement local. Enfin, elle a besoin d'une sorte d'esprit d'entreprise sociale qui puisse nourrir une vision a l'echelle communautaire et reunir les differents groupes presents dans la communaute.
引用
收藏
页码:381 / 397
页数:17
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