Unscarred uterine rupture - case report and literature review

Background: Spontaneous uterine rupture is a life threatening event, and the diagnosis is difficult in an unscarred uterus. Many factors can help prevent the catastrophic consequences. Case: A 38-year-old multipara in labor was admitted at 39.5 weeks of gestation. Ultrasound suggested a macrosomic fetus but the cervix was well dilated. Labor was immediately monitored. Two hours later, the fetus developed progressive heart rate decelerations. While evaluating the unexplained anomaly, epigastric pain and vaginal bleeding prompted emergency cesarean delivery. The uterine tear was repaired with good evolution but the infant died a few days later. Conclusion: The association of multiparity, uterine distension and active labor could be considered as risk factors of uterine rupture in cases of unexplained anomalies in an unscarred uterus, making a catastrophic event preventable.