A SiGe Distributed Millimeter-Wave Frequency Tripler

A distributed differential frequency tripler covering the 30-90 GHz range is implemented in IBM 0.13-mu m SiGe technology. The distributed design utilizes a right-handed input and a left-handed output synthesized transmission lines to overcome the challenging fundamental rejection. Six cascode stages in deep saturation act as frequency generators connected in a differential configuration for even harmonic suppression. Operation is demonstrated for 30 to 90 GHz output range with minimum spur rejection of better than 10 dBc between 43 to 79 GHz. Output power varies between -8.3 dBm at 72 GHz and reaches -0.8 dBm at 45 GHz. The core circuit occupies only 0.16 mm(2) and draws 151 mA from a 2.4 V supply.