Review of US ESCO industry market trends: an empirical analysis of project data

被引：117
作者：
Goldman, CA [1 ]
Hopper, NC [1 ]
Osborn, JG [1 ]
机构：
[1] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
来源：
ENERGY POLICY | 2005年 / 33卷 / 03期
关键词：
energy efficiency; energy service companies (ESCOs); performance contracting;
D O I：
10.1016/j.enpol.2003.08.008
中图分类号：
F [经济];
学科分类号：
02 ;
摘要：
This comprehensive empirical analysis of US energy service company (ESCO) industry trends and performance employs two parallel analytical approaches: a survey of firms to estimate total industry size, and a database of 1500 ESCO projects, from which we report target markets and typical project characteristics, energy savings and customer economics. We estimate that industry investment for energy-efficiency related services reached US$2 billion in 2000 following a decade of strong growth. ESCO activity is concentrated in states with high economic activity and strong policy support. Typical projects save 150-200 MJ/m(2)/year and are cost-effective with median benefit/cost ratios of 1.6 and 2.1 for institutional and private sector projects. The median simple payback time (SPT) is 7 years among institutional customers; 3 years is typical in the private sector. Reliance on DSM incentives has decreased since 1995. Preliminary evidence suggests that state enabling policies have boosted the industry in medium-sized states. ESCOs have proven resilient in the face of restructuring and will probably shift toward selling "energy solutions", with energy efficiency part of a package. We conclude that appropriate policy support-both financial and non-financial-can "jump-start" a viable private-sector energy-efficiency services industry that targets large institutional and commercial/industrial customers. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
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页码：387 / 405
页数：19
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