Investigation of phenolic constituents of Carduncellus eriocephalus Boiss. Var. albiflora Gauba and their biological activities

The total ethanolic extract (TEE) of Carduncellus eriocephalus Boiss. var. albiflora Gauba showed antioxidant, antihyperglycaemic, and antihyperlipidaemic activities, which were attributed to the n-butanol fraction (BF). Chemical investigation of the BF led to the isolation of a new flavonoid, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside-6 -sulfate (16), and a phenyl propenyl glycoside, 1-beta-D-glucopyranoside-3-phenyl-2-propenol (rosin) (6), which is reported for the first time in the family Asteraceae. Chrysoeriol (1), 3-O-methylorobol (2), luteolin (3), quercetin (4), myricetin (5), kaempferol 3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (7), kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (12), luteolin 7-O-beta-Drutinoside (13), quercetin 3-O-beta-D-rutinoside (14), apigenin 7-O-beta-D-rutinoside (15), and 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (17) were isolated for the first time from the genus Carduncellus, in addition to apigenin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9), chryseriol 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10) and luteolin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (11), which have been previously reported for C. eriocephalus.