Exploring micropollutant biotransformation in three freshwater phytoplankton species

被引：1
作者：
Stravs, Michael A. [1 ,2 ]
Pomati, Francesco [1 ,3 ]
Hollender, Juliane [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Eawag Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Uberlandstr 133, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland
[2] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
[3] ETH, Inst Integrat Biol, Univ Str 16, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
来源：
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS | 2017年 / 19卷 / 06期
基金：
瑞士国家科学基金会;
关键词：
CONJUGATES AMINO-ACIDS; TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTS; 4; VERSION; PHASE-I; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM; ENZYMES; CYTOCHROME-P450; TOXICITY; REMOVAL;
D O I：
10.1039/c7em00100b
中图分类号：
O65 [分析化学];
学科分类号：
070302 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
Phytoplankton constitute an important component of surface water ecosystems; however little is known about their contribution to biotransformation of organic micropollutants. To elucidate biotransformation processes, batch experiments with two cyanobacterial species (Microcystis aeruginosa and Synechococcus sp.) and one green algal species (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) were conducted. Twentyfour micropollutants were studied, including 15 fungicides and 9 pharmaceuticals. Online solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with liquid chromatography (LC)-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (HRMS/MS) was used together with suspect and nontarget screening to identify transformation products (TPs). 14 TPs were identified for 9 micropollutants, formed by cytochrome P450-mediated oxidation, conjugation and methylation reactions. The observed transformation pathways included reactions likely mediated by promiscuous enzymes, such as glutamate conjugation to mefenamic acid and pterin conjugation of sulfamethoxazole. For 15 compounds, including all azole fungicides tested, no TPs were identified. Environmentally relevant concentrations of chemical stressors had no influence on the transformation types and rates.
引用
收藏
页码：822 / 832
页数：11
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