Policy assessments for the carbon emission flows and sustainability of Bitcoin blockchain operation in China

被引：197
作者：
Jiang, Shangrong [1 ]
Li, Yuze [1 ,2 ]
Lu, Quanying [2 ]
Hong, Yongmiao [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Guan, Dabo [5 ]
Xiong, Yu [6 ,7 ]
Wang, Shouyang [1 ,2 ,7 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Sch Econ & Management, Beijing, Peoples R China
[2] Chinese Acad Sci, Acad Math & Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China
[3] Cornell Univ, Dept Econ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
[4] Cornell Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Ithaca, NY USA
[5] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China
[6] Univ Surrey, Surrey Business Sch, Guildford, Surrey, England
[7] Chinese Acad Sci, Ctr Forecasting Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China
来源：
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2021年 / 12卷 / 01期
基金：
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词：
MITIGATION; FOOTPRINT;
D O I：
10.1038/s41467-021-22256-3
中图分类号：
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要：
The growing energy consumption and associated carbon emission of Bitcoin mining could potentially undermine global sustainable efforts. By investigating carbon emission flows of Bitcoin blockchain operation in China with a simulation-based Bitcoin blockchain carbon emission model, we find that without any policy interventions, the annual energy consumption of the Bitcoin blockchain in China is expected to peak in 2024 at 296.59 Twh and generate 130.50 million metric tons of carbon emission correspondingly. Internationally, this emission output would exceed the total annualized greenhouse gas emission output of the Czech Republic and Qatar. Domestically, it ranks in the top 10 among 182 cities and 42 industrial sectors in China. In this work, we show that moving away from the current punitive carbon tax policy to a site regulation policy which induces changes in the energy consumption structure of the mining activities is more effective in limiting carbon emission of Bitcoin blockchain operation. The growing energy consumption and carbon emissions of Bitcoin mining could potentially undermine global sustainability efforts. Here, the authors show the annual energy consumption of the Bitcoin blockchain in China is expected to peak in 2024 at 296.59 Twh and generate 130.50 million metric tons of carbon emissions.
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页数：10
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