Augmented Reality for Manual Assembly in Industry 4.0: Gathering Guidelines

The manufacturing industry always strugle to maintain competitiveness and lowering its production costs. With the significant improvement in the reliability and stability of facilities, human error has become one of the most critical factors for quality assurance. About 70% to 90% of quality defects in assembly production systems are directly or indirectly caused by human errors. In the last decades, the interest in using Augmented Reality (AR) in many application areas, including the industry, has increased. Although AR is recognized as an important technology, there is an evident gap in design guidelines and methodologies in this field. The objective of this paper is to find guidelines to help in designing AR-based manual assembly systems. We did a systematic literature mapping over scientific review papers, from 2015 to 2020, and found 14 review papers. From 14 papers, 11 of them (78,6%) presented guidelines topics. The guidelines found were classified into four groups: usability, cognitive, ergonomics, and corporate-related. The suggested group of general guidelines based on previous work may be useful as a starting point when designing AR-based manual assembly systems. We conclude that a comprehensive set, that encompasses general and specific guidelines, depends on the characteristics of the assembly line being implemented. Limitations of this work are the low number of review papers found and the probability of having new guideline categories not found in this paper.