A review of flow-induced vibration energy harvesters

With the rapid development of wireless sensor networks, medical equipment, and microelectromechanical sys-tems, providing clean and self-sustained energy for these devices is of great significance. Flow-induced vibration energy harvesting technology is one of the most popular energy harvesting technologies, which can harvest wind or water energy from surrounding environments and convert it into usable energy. This paper comprehensively reviews the state-of-the-art advances on flow-induced vibration energy harvesters in terms of their working principles, categories, enhancement methods, model derivation and calculation methods, influence of interface circuits, and energy harvesting efficiency calculation methods. The working principles and current development progress of vortex-induced vibration, flutter, galloping, wake-galloping, and hybrid energy harvesters are dis-cussed. Enhancement methods, such as the addition of nonlinear force, construction of multi-degree-of-freedom or multi-directional energy harvesters, and connection of interface circuits are reviewed and discussed to provide a reference for the design of high-performance flow-induced vibration energy harvesters. The modeling methods and critical challenges are characterized and summarized. Furthermore, future research directions and prospects are proposed and discussed in this paper.