First broadband characterization and redshift determination of the VHE blazar MAGIC J2001+439

被引:25
作者
Aleksic, J. [1 ]
Ansoldi, S. [2 ,3 ]
Antonelli, L. A. [4 ]
Antoranz, P. [5 ,6 ]
Babic, A. [7 ,8 ]
Bangale, P. [9 ]
de Almeida, U. Barres [9 ]
Barrio, J. A. [10 ]
Becerra Gonzalez, J. [11 ]
Bednarek, W. [12 ]
Bernardini, E. [13 ]
Biland, A. [14 ]
Blanch, O. [1 ]
Bonnefoy, S. [10 ]
Bonnoli, G. [4 ]
Borracci, F. [9 ]
Bretz, T. [15 ]
Carmona, E. [16 ]
Carosi, A. [4 ]
Carreto Fidalgo, D. [10 ]
Colin, P. [9 ]
Colombo, E. [11 ]
Contreras, J. L. [10 ]
Cortina, J. [1 ]
Covino, S. [4 ]
Da Vela, P. [5 ,6 ]
Dazzi, F. [9 ]
De Angelis, A. [2 ,3 ]
De Caneva, G. [13 ]
De Lotto, B. [2 ,3 ]
Delgado Mendez, C. [16 ]
Doert, M. [17 ]
Dominguez, A. [18 ]
Prester, D. Dominis [7 ,8 ]
Dorner, D. [15 ]
Doro, M. [19 ,20 ]
Einecke, S. [17 ]
Eisenacher, D. [15 ]
Elsaesser, D. [15 ]
Farina, E. [21 ]
Ferenc, D. [7 ,8 ]
Fonseca, M. V. [10 ]
Font, L. [22 ,23 ]
Frantzen, K. [17 ]
Fruck, C. [9 ]
Garcia Lopez, R. J. [11 ]
Garczarczyk, M. [13 ]
Garrido Terrats, D. [22 ,23 ]
Gaug, M. [22 ,23 ]
Godinovic, N. [7 ,8 ]
机构
[1] IFAE, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
[2] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
[3] INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
[4] INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy
[5] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy
[6] INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
[7] Univ Rijeka, Croatian MAG Consortium, Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
[8] Univ Split, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
[9] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany
[10] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
[11] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain
[12] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland
[13] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
[14] ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
[15] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany
[16] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Madrid 28040, Spain
[17] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
[18] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Granada 18080, Spain
[19] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[20] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy
[21] Univ Insubria, I-22100 Como, Italy
[22] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Unitat Fis Radiac, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
[23] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
[24] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain
[25] Kyoto Univ, Japanese MAG Consortium, Div Phys & Astron, Kyoto 6068501, Japan
[26] Univ Turku, Finnish MAG Consortium, Tuoria Observ, SF-20500 Turku, Finland
[27] Univ Oulu, Dept Phys, SF-90100 Oulu, Finland
[28] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
[29] Univ Barcelona, ICC, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
[30] Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
[31] INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
[32] INAF Trieste, Trieste, Italy
[33] UAM CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Madrid 28049, Spain
[34] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
[35] Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
[36] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA
[37] Isaac Newton Inst Chile, St Petersburg Branch, St Petersburg, Russia
[38] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia
[39] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 199034, Russia
[40] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA
[41] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy
[42] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA
[43] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Coll Sci & Engn, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan
[44] Univ Missouri, St Louis, MO 63121 USA
[45] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA
关键词
galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+435; BL Lacertae objects: individual: MAGIC J2001+439; gamma rays: galaxies; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY SPECTRUM; BL-LAC OBJECTS; RADIATION; EMISSION; UNIVERSE; RADIO; STARS; MODEL;
D O I
10.1051/0004-6361/201424254
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
Aims. We aim to characterize the broadband emission from 2FGL J2001.1+4352, which has been associated with the unknown-redshift blazar MG4 J200112+4352. Based on its gamma-ray spectral properties, it was identified as a potential very high energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emitter. We investigate whether this object is a VHE emitter, characterize its gamma-ray spectrum, and study the broadband emission within the one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) scenario, which is commonly used to describe the emission in blazars. Moreover, we also intend to determine the redshift of this object, which is a crucial parameter for its scientific interpretation. Methods. The source was observed with MAGIC first in 2009 and later in 2010 within a multi-instrument observation campaign. The MAGIC observations yielded 14.8 h of good quality stereoscopic data. Besides MAGIC, the campaign involved, observations with Fermi-LAT, Swift-XRT/UVOT, the optical telescopes KVA, Goddard Robotic Telescope, Galaxy View observatory, Crimean Astrophysical observatory, St. Petersburg observatory, and the Owens Valley Radio Observatory. The object was monitored at radio, optical and gamma-ray energies during the years 2010 and 2011. We characterize the radio to VHE spectral energy distribution and quantify the multiband variability and correlations over short (few days) and long (many months) timescales. We also organized deep imaging optical observations with the Nordic Optical Telescope in 2013 to determine the source redshift. Results. The source, named MAGIC J2001+ 439, is detected for the first time at VHE with MAGIC at a statistical significance of 6.3s (E > 70 GeV) during a 1.3 h long observation on 2010 July 16. The multi-instrument observations show variability in all energy bands with the highest amplitude of variability in the X-ray and VHE bands. Besides the variability on few-day timescales, the long-term monitoring of MAGIC J2001+ 439 shows that, the gamma-ray, optical, and radio emissions gradually decreased on few-month timescales from 2010 through 2011, indicating that at least some of the radio, optical and gamma-ray emission is produced in a single region by the same population of particles. We also determine for the first time the redshift of this BL Lac object through the measurement of its host galaxy during low blazar activity. Using the observational evidence that the luminosities of BL Lac host galaxies are confined to a relatively narrow range, we obtain z = 0.18 +/- 0.04. Additionally, we use the Fermi-LAT and MAGIC gamma-ray spectra to provide an independent redshift estimation, z = 0.17 +/- 0.10. Using the former (more accurate) redshift value, we adequately describe the broadband emission with a one-zone SSC model for different activity states and interpret the few-day timescale variability as produced by changes in the high-energy component of the electron energy distribution.
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