Global Environmental Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and Their Contemporaneous Man-Made and Natural Niches

被引:162
作者
Honda, Jennifer R. [1 ,2 ]
Virdi, Ravleen [1 ,2 ]
Chan, Edward D. [3 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Natl Jewish Hlth, Dept Biomed Res, Denver, CO 80206 USA
[2] Natl Jewish Hlth, Ctr Genes Environm & Hlth, Denver, CO 80206 USA
[3] Natl Jewish Hlth, Med & Acad Affairs, Denver, CO USA
[4] Univ Colorado Denver, Div Pulm Sci & Crit Care Med, Aurora, CO USA
[5] Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
nontuberculous mycobacteria; environments; man-made; natural; Hawaii; FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; AVIUM COMPLEX; HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS; PULMONARY-DISEASE; WATER-TREATMENT; LUNG-DISEASE; SP NOV; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; PSEUDO-OUTBREAK;
D O I
10.3389/fmicb.2018.02029
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Seminal microbiological work of environmental nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) includes the discovery that NTM inhabit water distribution systems and soil, and that the species of NTM found are geographically diverse. It is likely that patients acquire their infections from repeated exposures to their environments, based on the well-accepted paradigm that water and soil bioaerosols - enriched for NTM - can be inhaled into the lungs. Support comes from reports demonstrating NTM isolated from the lungs of patients are genetically identical to NTM found in their environment. Well documented sources of NTM include peat-rich soils, natural waters, drinking water, hot water heaters, refrigerator taps, catheters, and environmental amoeba. However, NTM have also been recovered in biofilms from ice machines, heated nebulizers, and heater-cooler units, as well as seat dust from theaters, vacuum cleaners, and cobwebs. New studies on the horizon aim to significantly expand the current knowledge of environmental NTM niches in order to improve our current understanding of the specific ecological factors driving the emergence of NTM lung disease. Specifically, the Hawaiian Island environment is currently being studied as a model to identify other point sources of exposure as it is the U.S. state with the highest number of NTM lung disease cases. Because of its geographic isolation and unique ecosystem, the Hawaiian environment is being probed for correlative factors that may promote environmental NTM colonization.
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页数:11
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