A universal geometry for calculable frequency-response coefficient of LCR standards and new 10-MHz resistance and 1.6-MHz quadrature-bridge systems

A new four terminal-pair (4TP) coaxial-bridge system for accurate resistance measurements at frequencies up to 10 MHz has been developed. The deviation of a calculable 4TP 1-k Omega resistance standard, from its dc value, was measured to be -4380 +/- 712 mu Omega/Omega(2 sigma) at 10 MHz, which compares well with its calculated value of - 4010 +/- 850 mu Omega/Omega. Quantitative comparisons have also been made between our measurements and calculations with measurements on a state-of-the-art 4TP high-frequency (HF) commercial impedance analyzer, highlighting significant differences for the 1-k Omega measurements at frequencies up to 10 MHz. A quadrature-bridge system, with two 100-pF capacitance and two 1-k Omega resistance standards, operating at 1.6 MHz, has also been developed which verifies the consistency of a number of HF techniques (based on the closure of the metrological impedance triangle) to 0.17%. Finally, we also extend the 4TP calculable geometry of the resistance standards to include capacitance and inductance standards (LCR), thus realizing a universal geometry for precision LCR standards with a calculable frequency-response coefficient.