Fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins: specialization for stem biomechanics and cell wall architecture in Arabidopsis and Eucalyptus

被引:251
作者
MacMillan, Colleen P. [1 ]
Mansfield, Shawn D. [2 ]
Stachurski, Zbigniew H. [3 ]
Evans, Rob [4 ]
Southerton, Simon G. [1 ]
机构
[1] CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
[2] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
[3] Australian Natl Univ, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
[4] CSIRO Mat Sci & Engn, Melbourne, Vic 3168, Australia
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
biomechanics; fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins; modulus of elasticity; tensile strength; secondary cell wall; cellulose microfibril angle; CELLULOSE MICROFIBRIL ORIENTATION; PLANTS NICOTIANA-TABACUM; ADHESION MOLECULE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; GENOME-WIDE; WOOD; IDENTIFICATION; PREDICTION;
D O I
10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04181.x
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
P>The ancient cell adhesion fasciclin (FAS) domain is found in bacteria, fungi, algae, insects and animals, and occurs in a large family of fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs) in higher plants. Functional roles for FAS-containing proteins have been determined for insects, algae and vertebrates; however, the biological functions of the various higher-plant FLAs are not clear. Expression of some FLAs has been correlated with the onset of secondary-wall cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis stems, and also with wood formation in the stems and branches of trees, suggesting a biological role in plant stems. We examined whether FLAs contribute to plant stem biomechanics. Using phylogenetic, transcript abundance and promoter-GUS fusion analyses, we identified a conserved subset of single FAS domain FLAs (group A FLAs) in Eucalyptus and Arabidopsis that have specific and high transcript abundance in stems, particularly in stem cells undergoing secondary-wall deposition, and that the phylogenetic conservation appears to extend to other dicots and monocots. Gene-function analyses revealed that Arabidopsis T-DNA knockout double mutant stems had altered stem biomechanics with reduced tensile strength and a reduced tensile modulus of elasticity, as well as altered cell-wall architecture and composition, with increased cellulose microfibril angle and reduced arabinose, galactose and cellulose content. Using materials engineering concepts, we relate the effects of these FLAs on cell-wall composition with stem biomechanics. Our results suggest that a subset of single FAS domain FLAs contributes to plant stem strength by affecting cellulose deposition, and to the stem modulus of elasticity by affecting the integrity of the cell-wall matrix.
引用
收藏
页码:689 / 703
页数:15
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