Memory fragments as components of autobiographical knowledge

Adults described and dated two kinds of personal remembrances: a fragment-a memory moment that is largely bereft of context-and an episodic, personal event memory-a narrative that consists of a number of related events. In Experiment I subjects reported memories from when they were 0-8 years of age and in Experiment 2, from when they were 0-16 years of age. Fragments were judged to be older than event memories, especially in Experiment 2 where the estimated ages of most fragments were from 0 to 8 years and of most episodic memories, from 8 to 16 years. Ratings of various features of the two kinds of memories also differed. We conclude that isolated memory moments possess validity and that although they are most likely to arise when the autobiographical memory system is not fully developed, they can also originate during a time when it is. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.