De Novo Approach to Utilize Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seed Kernel Lipid in Pharmaceutical Lipid Nanoformulation

The naturally occurring lipids are non-toxic and biocompatible, hence suitable for pharmaceutical applications. The present study reports the application of mango lipid as a safe pharmaceutical excipient in the formulation of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). The mango lipid was extracted by hot continuous percolation process using a Soxhlet apparatus and analyzed as per USP requirements by TLC and LC-MS. The safety profile of the lipid was studied by acute toxicity study in a rat model as per OECD guidelines. NLC formulation was developed with the physically modified mango lipid as the solid lipid and oleic acid as the liquid lipid by the modified emulsification technique. The compatibility of the lipid with other excipients was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FT-IR analysis. Cytotoxicity of the NLC formulation was studied with mouse brain endothelial cells (bEnd.3) by MTT assay. The TLC and LC-MS studies suggest that the mango lipid contains fatty acids composed of oleic acid (43.8% w/w), linoleic acid (3.6% w/w), stearic acid (43.2% w/w), palmitic acid (4.9% w/w), linolenic acid (2.3% w/w), and arachidic acid (2.2% w/w). The acute toxicity study and MTT assay suggest the safe use of the mango lipid at the cellular level in the living system. The spherical homogeneous nanometric NLCs were developed. DSC and FT-IR study confirm the compatibility of the lipid with the general components of the lipid nanoparticles. This work provides a new dimension to Mangifera indica L. lipid for its safe use in the development of novel lipid nanoformulations for drug delivery.